{"id":16722,"date":"2021-08-08T09:41:06","date_gmt":"2021-08-08T09:41:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/?page_id=16722"},"modified":"2021-08-08T09:41:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-08T09:41:06","slug":"infantile-congenital-esotropia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/infantile-congenital-esotropia\/","title":{"rendered":"Infantile (Congenital) Esotropia"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>1-2% of children have the eye turn, infantile esotropia.<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Esotropia, a form of childhood <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/strabismus-crossed-eyes\/strabismus-faqs\/\">strabismus<\/a> (eye misalignment), refers to the inward turning of the eye or eyes toward the nose.<\/p>\n<p>The condition can be present all the time, or only <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/strabismus-crossed-eyes\/what-is-intermittent-strabismus\/\">intermittently<\/a>. In some children, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/esotropia-inward-eye-turn\/\">esotropia<\/a> affects one eye, while in others, the deviating eye may alternate.<\/p>\n<h2><b>What is esotropia?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Esotropia is a form of inward eye turn that can be caused by uneven muscular pulling on one side of the eye or ocular muscle paralysis.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The most frequent type of childhood strabismus is congenital esotropia.<\/p>\n<p>Due to a lack of developed vision, some infants appear to have crossed eyes, although this usually resolves as the child grows.<\/p>\n<p>True strabismus does not go away on its own and requires medical intervention from an eye doctor.<\/p>\n<h2><b>What is infantile esotropia?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>In cases of true infantile or congenital esotropia, there is a noticeable and large turn of the eye(s).<\/p>\n<p><b>Infantile esotropia may be present at birth or develop within the first six months of life. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Congenital esotropia that lasts longer than six months rarely, if ever, goes away on its own, necessitating <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/strabismus-crossed-eyes\/strabismus-surgery\/\">surgical treatment<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The cause of this condition is unknown, but\u00a0 is believed to be due to the brain&#8217;s inability to coordinate eye movement.<\/p>\n<p><b>If you\u2019ve noticed an eye turn in your child, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/\">contact an eye doctor near you.<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>SEE RELATED:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/accommodative-esotropia-real-pateints\/\">Accommodative Esotropia: Real Patients<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t<div class=\"practice-search-widget\">\n\t\t<h3>Find an eye doctor near you<\/h3>\n\t\t\n\t<form class=\"practice-search-form practice-search-form-widget\" action=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/results\/\" method=\"get\">\n\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distance\" value=\"100\" class=\"practice-search-distance\">\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"page\" class=\"practice-search-page\">\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"address_latitude\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"address_longitude\">\n\n\t\t<input type=\"text\" name=\"address\" class=\"practice-search-address\" placeholder=\"City, Surburb or Address\" value=\"\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distance\" value=\"100\" class=\"practice-search-distance\">\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<button type=\"submit\" class=\"practice-search-button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"19\" height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M10.6796 0.130005C9.15708 0.130059 7.66615 0.5646 6.38198 1.38258C5.09781 2.20057 4.07373 3.36803 3.43004 4.74783C2.78634 6.12763 2.54976 7.66246 2.74808 9.17205C2.9464 10.6816 3.57139 12.1033 4.54964 13.27L0.729639 17.08C0.6364 17.1732 0.562439 17.2839 0.511979 17.4058C0.461519 17.5276 0.435547 17.6581 0.435547 17.79C0.435547 17.9219 0.461519 18.0524 0.511979 18.1743C0.562439 18.2961 0.6364 18.4068 0.729639 18.5C0.917942 18.6883 1.17334 18.7941 1.43964 18.7941C1.5715 18.7941 1.70207 18.7681 1.82389 18.7177C1.94571 18.6672 2.0564 18.5932 2.14964 18.5L5.99964 14.62C7.35406 15.6038 8.98566 16.1324 10.6596 16.13C12.7814 16.13 14.8162 15.2871 16.3165 13.7869C17.8168 12.2866 18.6596 10.2517 18.6596 8.13C18.6596 6.00827 17.8168 3.97344 16.3165 2.47315C14.8162 0.97286 12.7814 0.130005 10.6596 0.130005H10.6796ZM10.6796 14.13C9.49295 14.13 8.33291 13.7781 7.34622 13.1188C6.35952 12.4595 5.59049 11.5225 5.13636 10.4261C4.68224 9.32975 4.56342 8.12335 4.79493 6.95946C5.02644 5.79558 5.59788 4.72648 6.437 3.88736C7.27611 3.04825 8.34521 2.4768 9.5091 2.24529C10.673 2.01378 11.8794 2.1326 12.9757 2.58673C14.0721 3.04085 15.0092 3.80989 15.6685 4.79658C16.3277 5.78328 16.6796 6.94332 16.6796 8.13C16.6796 9.7213 16.0475 11.2474 14.9223 12.3726C13.7971 13.4979 12.2709 14.13 10.6796 14.13Z\" fill=\"#fff\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"practice-search-use-my-location\">\n\t\t\tSearch near me\n\t\t<\/button>\n\n\n\t<\/form>\n\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<h2><b>Signs of infantile esotropia<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>One eye turns in<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Parents may notice that one or either eye turns inwards towards the nose either all the time or very frequently.<\/p>\n<p><b>Decreased Visual acuity<\/b><\/p>\n<p>About 50% of children with congenital esotropia develop <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/vision-therapy\/vision-therapy-for-lazy-eye\/amblyopia-lazy-eye\/\">amblyopia<\/a> (\u2018lazy eye\u2019). This can be discovered if one eye is covered and the child struggles to see normally.<\/p>\n<p><b>Refractive errors<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Infantile esotropia with hypermetropia greater than +2.50 diopters must be distinguished from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/what-is-accommodative-esotropia\/\">accommodative esotropia<\/a>, which can develop as early as 6 months.<\/p>\n<p>Accommodative esotropia is characterized by ocular inversion as a result of increased focusing effort caused by substantial hypermetropia.<\/p>\n<p><b>Ocular rotation<\/b><\/p>\n<p>On initial evaluation of eye movements, certain infants may demonstrate a limitation of abduction as a result of cross fixation. Full abduction can be triggered by the doll&#8217;s head maneuver, in which mild spinning of the child generates a vestibular movement in the opposite direction of the spin and a refixation saccade in the same direction.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Associated conditions<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>75% of patients with infantile esotropia have been found to have <b>dissociated vertical deviation (DVD)<\/b> &#8211; the elevation of the non-fixing eye when covered or with visual inattention.<\/p>\n<p>70% of patients also have <b>inferior oblique overaction<\/b>. This is seen as over-elevation of the eye in supra-adduction.<\/p>\n<p>In approximately 40% of patients <b>latent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/vision-therapy\/neuro-optometry\/nystagmus\/\">nystagmus<\/a><\/b> occurs. Occluding either eye causes a primarily horizontal jerk nystagmus. The slow phase is located on the occluded eye&#8217;s side.<\/p>\n<h2><b>How to treat infantile esotropia<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>This is a condition that does not go away in children. Before determining the best treatment options certain variables must be examined.<\/p>\n<p><b>Surgery is usually recommended for children between six and 14 months of age.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Older children may need both surgery and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/vision-therapy\/guide-to-vision-therapy\/vision-therapy-faqs\/\">vision therapy.<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<h2><b>Vision therapy<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>If a lazy eye (amblyopia) has developed in one eye, it must be treated as soon as possible. This is done through vision therapy using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/vision-therapy\/vision-therapy-for-children\/convergence-insufficiency-2\/convergence-insufficiency-treatment-trial\/can-glasses-or-eye-patches-treat-convergence-insufficiency\/\">patching<\/a> and binocular vision therapy.<\/p>\n<p>Patching is performed by covering the better-functioning eye with a patch to force the brain to utilize the weaker eye. Though this will not fix the eye crossing, it will normalize vision, increasing the chances of a successful surgery.<\/p>\n<p>Binocular vision therapy will teach the eyes to work together, this allows for a more comprehensive and long term treatment of the eye turn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>LEARN MORE:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/\">Guide To Eye Turns<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/\">Schedule an appointment<\/a> with an eye doctor near you, to find out which treatment option is best for you child.<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1-2% of children have the eye turn, infantile esotropia. Esotropia, a form of childhood strabismus (eye misalignment), refers to the inward turning of the eye<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1206,"featured_media":16723,"parent":991,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-article.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16722","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Infantile (Congenital) Esotropia - Optometrists.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/a-guide-to-eye-turns\/infantile-congenital-esotropia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Infantile (Congenital) Esotropia - Optometrists.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1-2% of children have the eye turn, infantile esotropia. 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