{"id":20381,"date":"2022-01-03T13:20:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T13:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/?page_id=20381"},"modified":"2022-01-03T13:20:00","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T13:20:00","slug":"how-are-refractive-errors-managed","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/eye-exams\/how-are-refractive-errors-managed\/","title":{"rendered":"How Are Refractive Errors Managed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Over 1 in 4 of all people across the globe wear glasses or contact lenses &#8211; this means they have a refractive error.<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>But don\u2019t worry if you are one of the 25% of the global population that has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/eye-exams\/the-4-main-refractive-errors-clearly-explained\/\">refractive error<\/a>, as this common vision problem can be both managed and corrected \u2014 often, with the use of glasses or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-contact-lenses\/\">contact lenses<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Refractive errors can only be managed correctly after an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/\">eye exam<\/a> by an eye doctor or optometrist.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is a refractive error?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>A refractive error occurs when you notice blurry vision, either at a distance, such as when driving, or watching TV, or close up, such as when reading, or using a computer or other digital device.<\/p>\n<p>The error is caused when light entering the eye is not focused correctly, by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-health\/how-does-the-eye-work\/ocular-anatomy-the-front-of-the-eye\/\">lens or cornea<\/a>, onto the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-health\/how-does-the-eye-work\/eye-anatomy-the-back-of-the-eye\/\">retina<\/a> at the back of the eye.<\/p>\n<p>This unfocused light can occur due a number of factors, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Length of the eye overall<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Shape of the cornea or lens<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Inability of the lens to adequately change focus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The four most common refractive errors are:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/guide-to-pediatric-eye-conditions\/what-is-myopia\/\">Myopia<\/a> (nearsightedness)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/guide-to-pediatric-eye-conditions\/what-is-long-sightedness\/\">Hyperopia<\/a> (farsightedness)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-optical-lenses\/guide-to-bifocals-and-multifocals\/presbyopia\/\">Presbyopia\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Astigmatism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>How is myopia managed?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error in which either the eye is too long or the cornea of the eye is too strong.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, light entering the eye is focused too far forward in the eye, and appears blurry when it reaches the retina.<\/p>\n<p>Images viewed from a distance will appear blurry or distorted, while images closer to the viewer will appear clearer.<\/p>\n<p><b>The most common ways to correct myopia are with use of eyeglasses and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-contact-lenses\/\"> contact lenses<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-laser-refractive-surgery\/\">laser refractive surgery<\/a>.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Refractive laser surgery, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-laser-refractive-surgery\/5-benefits-of-lasik-surgery\/\">LASIK<\/a>, is an effective option for adults who would like to correct their myopia permanently and eliminate the need for glasses or contacts.<\/p>\n<p>This is usually only recommended for adults over the age of 21, whose prescription has not changed for over 2 years.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Myopia Management<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/guide-to-pediatric-eye-conditions\/what-is-myopia\/whats-worse-high-myopia-or-smoking\/\">High levels of myopia<\/a> have also been linked to development of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-conditions\/glaucoma-guide\/\">glaucoma<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-conditions\/guide-to-retinal-diseases\/retinal-detachment\/\">retinal detachment<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-conditions\/guide-to-cataracts\/\">cataracts<\/a> later in life.<\/p>\n<p><b>Eye doctors can provide a personalized program of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-myopia-management\/\">myopia management, <\/a>which can slow or prevent the progression of myopia<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>This may be accomplished through various methods, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/guide-to-pediatric-eye-conditions\/what-is-myopia-management\/myopia-management-which-contact-lenses\/\">ortho-k contact lenses<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-myopia-management\/myopia-management\/myopia-management-the-optical-strategy\/\">multifocal lenses<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-myopia-management\/myopia-management\/myopia-management-does-atropine-work\/\">atropine eye drops<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>SEE RELATED: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/eye-exams\/the-importance-of-pupil-exams\/\">The Importance of Pupil Exams<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>If you feel your eyesight isn\u2019t what it\u2019s supposed to be, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/\">contact your local eye doctor to see how they can help.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<div class=\"practice-search-widget\">\n\t\t<h3>Find an eye doctor near you<\/h3>\n\t\t\n\t<form class=\"practice-search-form practice-search-form-widget\" action=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/results\/\" method=\"get\">\n\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distance\" value=\"100\" class=\"practice-search-distance\">\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"page\" class=\"practice-search-page\">\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"address_latitude\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"address_longitude\">\n\n\t\t<input type=\"text\" name=\"address\" class=\"practice-search-address\" placeholder=\"City, Surburb or Address\" value=\"\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distance\" value=\"100\" class=\"practice-search-distance\">\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<button type=\"submit\" class=\"practice-search-button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"19\" height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M10.6796 0.130005C9.15708 0.130059 7.66615 0.5646 6.38198 1.38258C5.09781 2.20057 4.07373 3.36803 3.43004 4.74783C2.78634 6.12763 2.54976 7.66246 2.74808 9.17205C2.9464 10.6816 3.57139 12.1033 4.54964 13.27L0.729639 17.08C0.6364 17.1732 0.562439 17.2839 0.511979 17.4058C0.461519 17.5276 0.435547 17.6581 0.435547 17.79C0.435547 17.9219 0.461519 18.0524 0.511979 18.1743C0.562439 18.2961 0.6364 18.4068 0.729639 18.5C0.917942 18.6883 1.17334 18.7941 1.43964 18.7941C1.5715 18.7941 1.70207 18.7681 1.82389 18.7177C1.94571 18.6672 2.0564 18.5932 2.14964 18.5L5.99964 14.62C7.35406 15.6038 8.98566 16.1324 10.6596 16.13C12.7814 16.13 14.8162 15.2871 16.3165 13.7869C17.8168 12.2866 18.6596 10.2517 18.6596 8.13C18.6596 6.00827 17.8168 3.97344 16.3165 2.47315C14.8162 0.97286 12.7814 0.130005 10.6596 0.130005H10.6796ZM10.6796 14.13C9.49295 14.13 8.33291 13.7781 7.34622 13.1188C6.35952 12.4595 5.59049 11.5225 5.13636 10.4261C4.68224 9.32975 4.56342 8.12335 4.79493 6.95946C5.02644 5.79558 5.59788 4.72648 6.437 3.88736C7.27611 3.04825 8.34521 2.4768 9.5091 2.24529C10.673 2.01378 11.8794 2.1326 12.9757 2.58673C14.0721 3.04085 15.0092 3.80989 15.6685 4.79658C16.3277 5.78328 16.6796 6.94332 16.6796 8.13C16.6796 9.7213 16.0475 11.2474 14.9223 12.3726C13.7971 13.4979 12.2709 14.13 10.6796 14.13Z\" fill=\"#fff\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"practice-search-use-my-location\">\n\t\t\tSearch near me\n\t\t<\/button>\n\n\n\t<\/form>\n\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<h2><b>How is hyperopia managed?\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is a refractive error caused by a number of issues, including the eye being too long, the lens or cornea being too flat in shape, or the lens of the eye missing entirely.<\/p>\n<p>Images viewed from up close will appear blurry or distorted, while images further away will appear clearer.<\/p>\n<p><b>For hyperopia, eyeglasses may only be necessary for prolonged near work, such as when reading, using a computer or studying.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>In the case of hyperopia, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/guide-to-childrens-eye-exams\/cycloplegic-refraction-top-5-qas\/\">cycloplegic refraction<\/a> during an eye exam may be required to remove the possibility of subconscious focusing, and enable the eye doctor to obtain a correct <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/eye-exams\/how-is-my-optical-prescription-measured\/\">optical prescription.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Eyeglasses and contact lenses are the most common ways of correcting hyperopia.<\/p>\n<h2>How is presbyopia managed?<\/h2>\n<p>Presbyopia is a refractive error in which, due to a hardening and loss of elasticity in the lens of the eye, near objects seem blurry and distorted. The eye\u2019s ability to switch focus between near and distance vision can also be affected.<\/p>\n<p>Presbyopia often affects a person\u2019s ability to read small print, such as in books or on a menu. Often, a person experiencing symptoms of presbyopia will need to hold these materials further away in order to see them clearly.<\/p>\n<p><b>The most common treatment for presbyopia is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-contact-lenses\/reading-glasses-and-contact-lenses\/\">eyeglasses or contact lenses.<\/a> Depending on your specific needs, these can be simple reading glasses, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-optical-lenses\/guide-to-bifocals-and-multifocals\/\">bifocals or multifocal lenses.<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Presbyopia can also be treated with surgical insertion of intraocular lenses and corrective laser surgery.<\/p>\n<h2><b>How is astigmatism managed?\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Astigmatism is a refractive error in which the lens of the eye is irregularly formed, causing blurry or double vision at all distances. Astigmatism can also cause problems with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-conditions\/guide-to-blurry-vision-and-headaches\/having-difficulty-seeing-at-night\/what-causes-night-blindness\/\">night vision<\/a>, eye strain and headache.<\/p>\n<p><b>Treatment for astigmatism includes contact lenses and eyeglasses that address the particular curvature of the cornea.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Occasionally, custom-made contact lenses or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-contact-lenses\/guide-to-hard-contact-lenses\/\">RGP lenses<\/a> might be necessary to provide clear and comfortable vision.<\/p>\n<p><b>LEARN MORE: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/\">Guide to Eye Exams<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>If you feel your eyesight is blurry, or not as clear as it used to be, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/\">schedule an appointment with an eye doctor.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><i>Don\u2019t worry if you are one of the 25% of the global population that has a refractive error.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><em>This common vision problem can be both managed and corrected \u2014 often, with the use of glasses or contact lenses.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Over 1 in 4 of all people across the globe wear glasses or contact lenses &#8211; this means they have a refractive error. But don\u2019t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1206,"featured_media":20382,"parent":304,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-article.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20381","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Are Refractive Errors Managed? - Optometrists.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/eye-exams\/how-are-refractive-errors-managed\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Are Refractive Errors Managed? - Optometrists.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Over 1 in 4 of all people across the globe wear glasses or contact lenses &#8211; this means they have a refractive error. 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