{"id":5471,"date":"2020-06-01T09:36:36","date_gmt":"2020-06-01T09:36:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/wordpress\/?page_id=5471"},"modified":"2021-07-28T10:08:46","modified_gmt":"2021-07-28T10:08:46","slug":"laser-refractive-surgery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-laser-refractive-surgery\/laser-refractive-surgery\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Laser Refractive Surgery?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Are you thinking of having laser eye surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Laser eye surgery, also called laser refractive surgery, is a common procedure that is performed to eliminate the need for eye wear\u2014 both glasses and contact lenses<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Up to 98 percent of patients achieve 20\/20 vision with laser eye surgery.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>There are a few different types of laser surgeries\u2014 the most common include SMILE, LASIK and PRK surgery.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Is laser eye surgery safe?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Yes, laser eye surgery has been proven safe and effective for those who qualify as candidates for the surgery,<\/p>\n<p>Your eye doctor will determine your eligibility for laser surgery based on a comprehensive exam\u2014 assessing your overall ocular health, as well as the thickness and shape of your cornea.<\/p>\n<h2><b>What is PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) surgery?\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>PRK is a first generation laser procedure used for vision correction of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/what-is-myopia\/\">nearsightedness (myopia)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/what-is-long-sightedness\/\">farsightedness (hyperopia)<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/childrens-vision\/what-is-astigmatism\/\">astigmatism<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A PRK procedure first involves the removal of the outer layer of your cornea, the epithelium. Then, a laser is used to reshape the inner layers of your cornea to correct your vision.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Who is a candidate for PRK surgery?<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Patients with thin or irregular corneas<\/li>\n<li>Patients with a predisposition to chronic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/dry-eye\/what-is-dry-eye-syndrome\/\">dry eye<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Patients who are at high risk for eye injury\u2014 boxers, athletes, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Are there any disadvantages of PRK?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Yes, the recovery takes slightly longer, around two to four days, and there is the possibility of higher postoperative discomfort.<\/p>\n<p>PRK surgery has the longest recovery time, when compared to the other two surgeries. The complete recovery time is longer because it takes around one week for the corneal cells to grow back, and then between two to six weeks for clear vision to occur. It has been reported that PRK can cause increased discomfort post surgery, when compared to LASIK and SMILE.<\/p>\n<p>PRK can be performed for both eyes at the same time\u2014 but keep in mind that you will probably need to take a week off from work and driving before you are fully recovered, and able to resume these activities.<\/p>\n<h2><b>What is LASIK (laser-assisted stromal in-situ keratomileusis) surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>LASIK eye surgery is a second generation laser procedure. LASIK is the most commonly performed laser eye surgery used to correct mild to moderate nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.<\/p>\n<p><b>Over 16 million people have had LASIK eye surgery.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>LASIK surgery involves the use of two lasers. One laser is used to create a small flap in the corneal epithelium, which is then folded back. A second laser is used to reshape the underlying corneal tissue\u2014 thereby correcting vision. Clearer vision is typically noticed immediately post surgery.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Who is a candidate for LASIK surgery?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Patients with regular to high corneal thickness.<\/p>\n<p>The LASIK procedure requires a higher corneal thickness, as a certain range of thickness is required in order to create the flap from the corneal tissue.<\/p>\n<h3><b>When is LASIK not an option?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><i>The following patients are not candidates for LASIK:<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Patients with inadequate corneal thickness<\/li>\n<li>Patients with thin or irregular corneas<\/li>\n<li>Patients with predisposition to chronic dry eye symptoms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Are there any disadvantages of LASIK?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Yes. The higher complexity procedure leads to a higher potential for complications post surgery.<\/p>\n<p>Since LASIK surgery uses two lasers and creates a flap during surgery, the patient has a higher risk of potential flap-related complications post-surgery, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Microscopic wrinkles (striae)<\/li>\n<li>Irregular astigmatism<\/li>\n<li>Epithelial ingrowth<\/li>\n<li>Inflammation<\/li>\n<li>Dry eye syndrome<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>While most of these complications are rare, dry eye symptoms are a more common complaint post LASIK surgery.<\/p>\n<p>If you suspect you have an eye condition,\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1627552249083000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGJNtagdcKhI49ss08s-MS8-xT62g\"><b>contact an eye doctor<\/b><\/a>\u00a0near you, who can diagnose and treat the condition.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SEE RELATED: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-laser-refractive-surgery\/laser-refractive-surgery\/lasik-co-management\/\">LASIK Co-Management<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t<div class=\"practice-search-widget\">\n\t\t<h3>Find an eye doctor near you<\/h3>\n\t\t\n\t<form class=\"practice-search-form practice-search-form-widget\" action=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/results\/\" method=\"get\">\n\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distance\" value=\"100\" class=\"practice-search-distance\">\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"page\" class=\"practice-search-page\">\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"address_latitude\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"address_longitude\">\n\n\t\t<input type=\"text\" name=\"address\" class=\"practice-search-address\" placeholder=\"City, Surburb or Address\" value=\"\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distance\" value=\"100\" class=\"practice-search-distance\">\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<button type=\"submit\" class=\"practice-search-button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"19\" height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M10.6796 0.130005C9.15708 0.130059 7.66615 0.5646 6.38198 1.38258C5.09781 2.20057 4.07373 3.36803 3.43004 4.74783C2.78634 6.12763 2.54976 7.66246 2.74808 9.17205C2.9464 10.6816 3.57139 12.1033 4.54964 13.27L0.729639 17.08C0.6364 17.1732 0.562439 17.2839 0.511979 17.4058C0.461519 17.5276 0.435547 17.6581 0.435547 17.79C0.435547 17.9219 0.461519 18.0524 0.511979 18.1743C0.562439 18.2961 0.6364 18.4068 0.729639 18.5C0.917942 18.6883 1.17334 18.7941 1.43964 18.7941C1.5715 18.7941 1.70207 18.7681 1.82389 18.7177C1.94571 18.6672 2.0564 18.5932 2.14964 18.5L5.99964 14.62C7.35406 15.6038 8.98566 16.1324 10.6596 16.13C12.7814 16.13 14.8162 15.2871 16.3165 13.7869C17.8168 12.2866 18.6596 10.2517 18.6596 8.13C18.6596 6.00827 17.8168 3.97344 16.3165 2.47315C14.8162 0.97286 12.7814 0.130005 10.6596 0.130005H10.6796ZM10.6796 14.13C9.49295 14.13 8.33291 13.7781 7.34622 13.1188C6.35952 12.4595 5.59049 11.5225 5.13636 10.4261C4.68224 9.32975 4.56342 8.12335 4.79493 6.95946C5.02644 5.79558 5.59788 4.72648 6.437 3.88736C7.27611 3.04825 8.34521 2.4768 9.5091 2.24529C10.673 2.01378 11.8794 2.1326 12.9757 2.58673C14.0721 3.04085 15.0092 3.80989 15.6685 4.79658C16.3277 5.78328 16.6796 6.94332 16.6796 8.13C16.6796 9.7213 16.0475 11.2474 14.9223 12.3726C13.7971 13.4979 12.2709 14.13 10.6796 14.13Z\" fill=\"#fff\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"practice-search-use-my-location\">\n\t\t\tSearch near me\n\t\t<\/button>\n\n\n\t<\/form>\n\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<h2><b>What is SMILE (small incision lenticule extraction) surgery?\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>SMILE laser surgery is the latest generation of the laser vision correction procedures.\u00a0 It combines the safety of other laser vision technologies with greater comfort and precision, while reducing the risk of complications.<\/p>\n<p>SMILE surgery involves the use of one laser. The laser is used to make a tiny incision in the cornea and remove a small piece of corneal tissue, called a lenticule. The removal of the lenticule reshapes the cornea, thereby correcting vision.<\/p>\n<p>SMILE is a less invasive procedure than LASIK and PRK, as it creates the smallest incision. The corneal incision generally heals within a few days without stitches, and clear vision is noticed almost immediately.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Who is a candidate for SMILE?<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients over 22 years old<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients with no more than -0.50 diopters of astigmatism<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients with stable <a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/guide-to-eye-exams\/eye-exams\/how-is-my-optical-prescription-measured\/\">optical prescriptions<\/a> for at least 12 months<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Are there any disadvantages to SMILE?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Yes. It is not yet available for correction of farsightedness or astigmatism.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SMILE is currently only available to correct certain types of nearsightedness, up to -10.00 diopters (D) of nearsightedness.<\/li>\n<li>While LASIK and PRK can correct higher-order aberrations (HOAs) that can cause reduced night vision, SMILE cannot\u2014 SMILE may even increase HOAs.<\/li>\n<li>If additional vision correction is necessary for a residual refractive error after SMILE surgery, PRK is usually the preferred enhancement procedure for optimal results.<\/li>\n<li>Recovery of vision may take a bit longer than LASIK\u2014 typically one to two days.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>How long does it take to recover from laser eye surgery?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>In most cases, recovery from laser eye surgery is relatively quick and patients will be able to drive and return to work within a few days after the procedure. PRK procedures may take a bit longer\u2014 requiring three to five days.<\/p>\n<p>It is normal to experience the following symptoms for several weeks post surgery:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blurry vision<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dry eyes<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Glare<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Halos around lights<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In most cases, by two to four weeks post-operation, vision is stable and clear.<\/p>\n<p>An enhancement surgery will be recommended if you continue to have vision difficulties after six months\u2014 this procedure will \u201cfine tune\u201d the vision correction.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Which laser surgery is right for me?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Through a comprehensive eye exam, your eye doctor will determine the best laser vision correction option for you.<\/p>\n<p><b>All three laser surgeries, PRK, LASIK and SMILE, have been proven safe and effective, with over 98 percent success rates for providing clear vision.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>LEARN MORE:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1627552249083000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGFiNChCYiEN8g9bUTMEiO89_DEKA\">Optical and Contact Lenses<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/practice-search\/\">Schedule an appointment<\/a> with an eye doctor near you for a consultation, and to discuss the benefits of laser eye surgery.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Are you thinking of having laser eye surgery? Laser eye surgery, also called laser refractive surgery, is a common procedure that is performed to eliminate the need for eye wear\u2014 both glasses and contact lenses. Up to 98 percent of patients achieve 20\/20 vision with laser eye surgery.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6288,"parent":12558,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-article.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[84,225,229,230,217,326,90,173,136],"class_list":["post-5471","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-adults","tag-astigmatism","tag-contact-lenses","tag-eyeglasses","tag-hyperopia","tag-laser-surgery","tag-myopia","tag-surgery","tag-vision-problem"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Laser Refractive Surgery? - Optometrists.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.optometrists.org\/general-practice-optometry\/optical\/guide-to-laser-refractive-surgery\/laser-refractive-surgery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Laser Refractive Surgery? - Optometrists.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Are you thinking of having laser eye surgery? 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